SUBJECT AND
PREDICATE
1.The
teacher teaches the student.
2.The
giraffe has a long neck.
3.The farmer
is ploughing the field.
4.The
milkman the cow.
5.The boy is
riding on a bicycle.
We can
divide the above sentence into two parts.
Parts-1 part-2
1.The teacher teaches the students.
2.The giraffe has a long neck.
3.The farmer is ploughing the
filed.
5.The milkman milks the cow.
6.The boy
is riding on a bicycle.
In part-1 the noun phrases – the teacher, the giraffe, the
farmer, the milkman and the boy refer to persons and animal about which we
speak something. These words are Subjects.
In part-2 teaches the student, has a long neck, is ploughing
the field, milks the cow, is riding on a bicycle tell us something about the
Subject. These words are Predicates.
Thus a sentence has two main parts: the Subject and the
predicate.
->The Subject is usually a Noun or Pronoun about which we
speak or which does something.
->The Predicate says something about the subject or what
the Subject does.
The subject of a sentence can be one of the followings:
(a)Proper noun Cuttack is a city.
(b)personal pronouns
You, He, I, We, They are students.
(c)Demonstrative pronouns
This\That is a flower.
(d)Noun\noun phrase
Books are useful. A good book is a friend.
(e)Grammatical subject ‘There’ There is a temple in my village.
(f)The dummy subject -
It It is 4 pm now.
(g)some adverbs Yesterday was Tuesday. Today is Wednesday.
Mark the position of the Subject and Predicate in different
types of simple sentences.
DECLARATIVE SENTENCES\
STATEMENTS:
Subject Predicate
1.The sun rises in the east.
1.The sun rises in the east.
2.My mother is a kind woman.
3.Water is necessary for life.
4.There is a spot on your shirt.
5.Who is your headmaster?
6.What had happened?
(B)Predicate Subject
7.How are you?
8.What is Your name?
(C)One part of the Subject Another part of predicate
predicate
9.Is your brother an engineer?
10.How did you come here?
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE:
(A)One part of the predicate Subject Predicate
11.How intelligent the boy is!
12.What a fat man he is!
(B)predicate Subject
13.There goes the bus !
14.Down sank the stone !
IMPERTIVE SENTENCE:
Subject predicate
15._____ Open the doors.
16._____ Close the windows.
17.______ Give me a glass of water.
In sentence 15-17 the Subject are not stated. The Subject is You. (understood or implied)
Look at the Subject and Predicate in the following sentence:
Subject predicate
18.Fishes swim.
19.The old man died.
20.my brother became a doctor.
21.The villagers built a road.
22. He presented me a book.
Mark that the Subject of a sentence can consist of one word or more word. If the Subject is made up of one word, it is usually a Noun or Pronoun. In sentence 18 the Subject Fishes is a Noun. In sentence 22 the Subject He is a pronoun. If the Subject consists of more than one word, one of them must be a Noun. The other words add to the meaning of that Noun. In sentence 19-21. The old man, my brother and The villagers are Subjects. The old in sentence 19, My in sentence 20, The in sentence 21 add to the meaning of man, brother and villagers respectively. All the word functioning as the subject in a sentence are called Noun Phrase. A Noun phrase must have a Noun as its head.
->Thus the subject is a Noun, Noun phrase or a pronoun. (a) naming a person or thing that dose the action of the verb or (b) about which something is stated.
ଯେଉଁ ପଦ ବା ପଦସମଷ୍ଟି କୌଣସି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କରେ ବା କରାଏ କିମ୍ବା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ କିଛି କୁହାଯାଏ, ସେହି ପଦଗୁଡିକୁ କର୍ତ୍ତା (Subject) କୁହଯାଏ |
In the Predicate Part, the verb is the headword. In sentence 18-19 above, swim and died are the only words in the predicate part which tell us about the fishes and old man. These words are verbs. In sentence 20 three words, become a doctor comprise the predicate. The word become is the verb and a doctor is a Complement. In sentence 21 the predicate is made up of three word – built a road and sentence 22, it is made up of four words-presented me a book. In these two sentences built and presented built are verb; a road and me, books are Objects. Thus Verb is the most important word in the predicate. We can’t make a sentence without a verb. The predicate of a sentence can have word other than the verb. These words may be a compliment, an Object or an Adjunct. We shall learn about these words in a separate chapter.
->A verb is a word that is used to describe an action, an event or a state. It tells us what the subject does.
କ୍ରିୟାପଦଗୁଡିକ Predicate ର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପଦ | କ୍ରିୟାପଦ ବ୍ୟତୀତ ବାକ୍ୟ ଗଠନ କରିବା ସମ୍ଭବ ନୁହିଁ | କ୍ରିୟାପଦ ସହିତ compliment (ପରିପୂରକ), object(କର୍ମ) ଏବଂ Adjunct (ବିବର୍ଦ୍ଧକ)Predicateରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ | କୌଣସି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ, ଘଟଣା ବା ଅବସ୍ଥା ସୂଚାଉଥିବା ପଦଗୁଡିକୁ କ୍ରିୟାପଦ କୁହାଯାଏ |
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE:
( A) Subject predicate
5.Who is your headmaster?
6.What had happened?
(B)Predicate Subject
7.How are you?
8.What is Your name?
(C)One part of the Subject Another part of predicate
predicate
9.Is your brother an engineer?
10.How did you come here?
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE:
(A)One part of the predicate Subject Predicate
11.How intelligent the boy is!
12.What a fat man he is!
(B)predicate Subject
13.There goes the bus !
14.Down sank the stone !
IMPERTIVE SENTENCE:
Subject predicate
15._____ Open the doors.
16._____ Close the windows.
17.______ Give me a glass of water.
In sentence 15-17 the Subject are not stated. The Subject is You. (understood or implied)
Look at the Subject and Predicate in the following sentence:
Subject predicate
18.Fishes swim.
19.The old man died.
20.my brother became a doctor.
21.The villagers built a road.
22. He presented me a book.
Mark that the Subject of a sentence can consist of one word or more word. If the Subject is made up of one word, it is usually a Noun or Pronoun. In sentence 18 the Subject Fishes is a Noun. In sentence 22 the Subject He is a pronoun. If the Subject consists of more than one word, one of them must be a Noun. The other words add to the meaning of that Noun. In sentence 19-21. The old man, my brother and The villagers are Subjects. The old in sentence 19, My in sentence 20, The in sentence 21 add to the meaning of man, brother and villagers respectively. All the word functioning as the subject in a sentence are called Noun Phrase. A Noun phrase must have a Noun as its head.
->Thus the subject is a Noun, Noun phrase or a pronoun. (a) naming a person or thing that dose the action of the verb or (b) about which something is stated.
ଯେଉଁ ପଦ ବା ପଦସମଷ୍ଟି କୌଣସି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କରେ ବା କରାଏ କିମ୍ବା ସମ୍ପର୍କରେ କିଛି କୁହାଯାଏ, ସେହି ପଦଗୁଡିକୁ କର୍ତ୍ତା (Subject) କୁହଯାଏ |
In the Predicate Part, the verb is the headword. In sentence 18-19 above, swim and died are the only words in the predicate part which tell us about the fishes and old man. These words are verbs. In sentence 20 three words, become a doctor comprise the predicate. The word become is the verb and a doctor is a Complement. In sentence 21 the predicate is made up of three word – built a road and sentence 22, it is made up of four words-presented me a book. In these two sentences built and presented built are verb; a road and me, books are Objects. Thus Verb is the most important word in the predicate. We can’t make a sentence without a verb. The predicate of a sentence can have word other than the verb. These words may be a compliment, an Object or an Adjunct. We shall learn about these words in a separate chapter.
->A verb is a word that is used to describe an action, an event or a state. It tells us what the subject does.
କ୍ରିୟାପଦଗୁଡିକ Predicate ର ମୁଖ୍ୟ ପଦ | କ୍ରିୟାପଦ ବ୍ୟତୀତ ବାକ୍ୟ ଗଠନ କରିବା ସମ୍ଭବ ନୁହିଁ | କ୍ରିୟାପଦ ସହିତ compliment (ପରିପୂରକ), object(କର୍ମ) ଏବଂ Adjunct (ବିବର୍ଦ୍ଧକ)Predicateରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ | କୌଣସି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ, ଘଟଣା ବା ଅବସ୍ଥା ସୂଚାଉଥିବା ପଦଗୁଡିକୁ କ୍ରିୟାପଦ କୁହାଯାଏ |